Language and Cultural Studies in Literature

Abstract 
Language, the most widespread of all human assets, is also the most difficult and intriguing. Because it is a tool for human contact, the growth and development of skills, producing creativity, innovation, and originality, trading and transferring their experiences, and in general, for the building of society. Language anxiety is not a new phenomenon. There is evidence that individuals studied language from the beginning of recorded history. Many of current linguistics' assumptions, beliefs, and aspirations have their roots in previous centuries. However, this study aims to investigate whether there is any relationship between language and culture, and if yes what the relationship between language and culture.
Introduction Language and culture studies are interdisciplinary subjects that investigate the interaction of language and culture. language reflects our identities as individual communities and nations. Whereas culture refers to dynamic social structures and shared patterns of beliefs, knowledge, attitudes, and values. linguistics scholars study language as a cultural, social, and psychological phenomenon. The language and culture studies curriculum includes courses in foreign languages. as well as classes given in English on themes such as foreign cultures civilizations and literary traditions.
Cultural studies can be defined as a field of academia. that examines how meaning is created in social structure with adherence to class ethnicity gender race ideology nationality etc. It is an interdisciplinary field of studies, which draws from many different subject areas. In cultural studies, we can read different- different types of subjects like sociology anthropology etc.
Language Languages is a reflection of who we are as people as groups, and as countries. The term culture refers to dynamic social structures and universally held norms of thought, action, and values. Languages develop in a cultural context, which also affects how they are used and interpreted. Henry Sweet is an English phonetician and language scholar. “Language is the expression of ideas by means of speech sounds combined into words. Words are combined into sentences. this combination answering to that of ideas into thoughts.”  Language allows us to express our thoughts and feelings as well as communicate and share knowledge with one another.
Cultural Studies Cultural studies is an interdisciplinary field that tries to investigate the manner in which cultures evolve by drawing on theories and practices from a variety of humanities and social sciences areas. Culture encompasses a society's beliefs and values, whereas literature reflects them in various forms. Literature is a mirror of culture, and language is used to express a people's culture. Throughout history, writing has embodied culture, and the first literary work in English that transmits cultural context about life is "Beowulf" from Anglo-Saxon literature, which is a heroic epic poem.

Raymond William's Approach to Culture Studies   Raymond William is a cultural studies advocate and professor who has presented numerous proposals, hypotheses, and critiques during his career. Williams argues in his teachings that the classification of culture as a social practice and process is based on the material and social interactions that influence it. In his work, he frequently employs critical theories and Marxist analysis to best explain Culturalist principles. He claims that culture is a "productive process" that is part of productive and cultural materialism, as well as "residual," "oppositional," and "emergent" aspects. He goes on to say that Culturalism is a type of historical materialism that will evolve over time and that it will also further define its meaning through time. As a result, culture must be investigated inside and around the material conditions of production and public reception. His primary purpose was to democratize culture by calling for inclusive public decision-making in matters including politics, education, and communication resources. Because of this perspective, Williams was quite critical of several social concerns throughout his time. These challenges included racism, gender discrimination, xenophobia, and a variety of environmental and social issues.
Cultural studies is a network of liberal intellectual and political practices. Its central goal is twofold: (i) to produce detailed, contextualized analyses of how power and social relations are created, structured, and maintained through culture; and (ii) to circulate those analyses in public forums appropriate for pedagogy, provocation, and political intervention (Rodman, 2015). Because it is an intellectual project, it is not always (or even usually) related to communication. Instead, it is profoundly interdisciplinary in nature, with practitioners spanning the humanities and social sciences. However, cultural studies are not solely or even largely academic in nature. It involves a wide range of practices, including research, theory, teaching, activism, critique, and art, in ways that are more related to political undertakings like feminism or Marxism than to traditional scientific disciplines like sociology and anthropology. It will not sit well with everyone who claims the label for their own work because it is an idealized definition of what the project should be rather than the wide range of initiatives that are undertaken under the name. The name is frequently used to designate work that is not at all related to cultural studies, which has contributed to widespread confusion about the type of work the label actually designates (Rodman, 1997). Cultural studies might appear exceedingly loose and unorganized from the outside, especially when different manifestations do not necessarily closely resemble one another.

There are many reasons why we should study a Language learning a foreign language can build your communication, interpersonal, intercultural, and public speaking skills.
Knowledge of more than one language is associated with better reasoning problem-solving skills and creativity.
Studying a new language brings people and cultures closer to us. Learning a language is beneficial for anyone.
The benefits of studying other languages and cultures it allows us to approach languages with new insight and explore deeper into the meanings of words and phrases.
It makes us feel more connected to one another.
Culture impacts beliefs and ethics instructing us on how to interact with others.
It keeps you in touch with people who share your interests and increases your sense of belonging to society.
It fosters peace and acceptance and it is a valid antidote to xenophobia.
Learning another language gives us various chances to get a job and studying a new culture helps you meet new and interesting people. foreign languages boost confidence and create more positive attitudes and fewer prejudices toward people who are different.
Language and culture are connected to each other. language and culture appear to be diametrically opposed notions. Language is concerned with spoken and written phrases whereas culture is concerned with the identity of a specific group of people. however, both notions are synonymous. they both share the facts habits and human values of a certain set of people.at these two conceptions expand they affect each other to the point. where they are inseparable Language is the cultural embodiment of a specific group of people. in contrast, culture is the outcome of individuals interacting with one another.
Major Themes and Concepts Cultural studies are heavily influenced by the Marxist school of thought and critical theory and hence ideologically align with the left. Structuralism, post-structuralism, semiotics post-colonialism, feminist theory, queer theory, literary theory, and other key theories. It seeks to investigate how gender racism, sexuality, class, and other factors impact the production consumption, and transmission of culture and media.          
'Literature and cultural studies' delves into a complicated relationship. In theory, there should be no tension between literary and cultural studies. Literary studies is not wedded to a literary object idea that cultural studies must reject. Cultural studies developed from the application of literary analytic tools to other cultural materials. It regards cultural artifacts as 'texts' to be read rather than as things to be counted. In turn, literary studies may benefit when literature is studied as a specific cultural practice and works are linked to other discourses.
Conclusion Today the discipline of cultural studies is wide and has grown in importance around the world. There are several cultural studies societies, research centers, and publications existing worldwide as well as numerous international conferences. cultural studies are more important than ever as the world experiences upheavals whether sociocultural political or environmental with cultural practices and media playing a significant part.
References
(1.)  "Cultural studies" is not synonymous with either " or ethnic study," although there are many cultural studies practitioners working in both area studies and ethnic studies programs and professional associations (e.g. American studies, Asian studies, African-American studies, Latina/o Studies, European studies, Latin American studies, etc.).
(2.)  "Cultural studies | interdisciplinary field". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 28 June 2017.
(3.)  Bérubé, Michael (2009), "What's the Matter with Cultural        Studies?" Archived 12 November 2016 at the Way Back Machine, The Chronicle of Higher Education.
(4)  "Cultural Studies Associations, Networks, and Programs" Archived 9 November 2011 at the Way Back Machine, extensive, but incomplete, list of associations, networks, and      programs as found on the website for the Association of Cul
(5) "Cultural Studies Associations, Networks, and Programs" Archived 9 November 2011 at the Way Back Machine, extensive, but incomplete, list of associations, networks, and programs as found on the website for the Association of Cultural Studies, Tampere, Finland.
(6) Sardar, Ziauddin, and Borin Van Loon. 1994. Introducing Cultural Studies. New York: Totem Books
(7)  Hartley, John (2003). A Short History of Cultural Studies. London: Sage
 (8)   Dworkin, Dennis. 1997. Cultural Marxism in Post-War Britain:      History, the New Left, and the Origins of Cultural Studies.